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Ivanovskaya S. I. Efficiency of Using Permanent Seed Sources for Conservation of Genetic Pool of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Belarus

Authors:
Keywords:
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), permanent seed sources, isoenzyme analysis, conservation of the gene pool, Republic of Belarus
Pages:
59–63

Abstract

How to cite: Ivanovskaya S. I. Efficiency of using permanent seed sources for conservation of genetic pool of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Belarus // Sibirskij Lesnoj Zurnal (Siberian Journal of Forest Science). 2014. N. 4: 59–63 (in Russian with English abstract)

© Ivanovskaya S. I., 2014

The aim of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of using several types of seed Scots pine seed sources for conservation of the genetic pool of the species. Based on the method of electrophoretic fractionation of isoenzymes, genetic inventory of plus stands, forest genetic reserves, seed orchards of the first (I) and second (II) order, provenance trials, and clonal archive orchards of Scots pine in Belarus were conducted. The study was carried out on 20 allozyme genes encoding 11 gene-enzyme systems (AAT, ADH, DIA, FE, GDH, GPI, IDH, LAP, MDH, 6-PGD, PGM). During the analysis of the studied stands of Scots pine, the values of the basic indicators of polymorphism were calculated (proportion of polymorphic loci, number of alleles per locus, mean heterozygosity and compared with the average stock of the genetic diversity of pine formations of Belarus. The highest level of genetic variability was revealed in forest genetic reserves, provenance trials, and most plus stands in comparison with stands of production forests. Herewith the average values of heterozygosity in forest genetic reserves and plus stands significantly exceeded those (P = 0.01) established for natural populations of Scots pine of production forests. Genetic diversity of seed orchards I and II order as a whole corresponds to the average values of indicators for pine formations of Belarus. At the same time, seed orchards II order were characterized by a wide range of indicators of genetic diversity. It was established that 29.6 % of the analyzed elite trees of clonal archives orchard had individual heterozygosity of 25 %, i.e., similar to the mean observed heterozygosity in stands of production forests, 44.5 % – more than 25% and 25.9 % – less than 25 % of their genes. It was shown that the forest genetic reserves (100 %), the seed orchards I order (100 %), the provenance trials (100 %), most of the plus stands (93.3 %) and to 71.5 % the seed orchards II order support conservation of the level of average heterozygosity characteristic for Scots pine in Belarus. The studies showed that, in plantations, growing for Scots pine seed to ensure conservation of the genetic pool of the species while increasing productivity of created forest plantings is possible.. Herewith the full conservation of genetic potential of the species is possible only by conducting the genetic inventory of permanent seed sources, allowing evaluation of their genetic diversity and optimizing breeding seed growing for this purpose.

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